Identify the correct statement about decomposition.
(A) Decomposition is largely an oxygen requiring process.
(B) Decomposition rate is slower if detritus is rich in lignin and chitin.
(C) Decomposition is faster if detritus is rich in lignin and chitin.
(D) Decomposition is an anaerobic process.
Choose the correct answer from options given below:

The organism responsible for large holes in 'Swiss cheese' is :

The primary oocytes are arrested at which stage of meiosis before birth?

What is the primary function of the aeration tanks in the secondary treatment of sewage?

Identify the molecular diagnostic technique from the following:
(A) Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay
(B) Polymerase Chain Reaction
(C) Cloning
(D) Recombinant DNA Technology
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. The source of this complementary RNA could be from an infection by viruses having RNA genomes or mobile genetic elements (transposons) that replicate via an RNA intermediate. Insulin from an animal source, though caused some patients to develop allergy or other types of reactions to the foreign protein. Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. Transgenic mice are being developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans. Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine. If successful and found to be reliable, they could replace the use of monkeys to test the safety of batches of the vaccine. Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillusthuringiensis} and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton. The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest, as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene cryIAc named cry. There are a number of them, for example, the proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc and cryIIAb control the cotton bollworms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.

The suitable example of mobile genetic elements is:

What kind of IUD is Lippes loop?
A. Non-medicated
B. Copper releasing
C. Zinc releasing
D. Hormone releasing E. Medicated IUDs
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Microbes in human welfare Microbes are a very important component of life on earth. we use microbes and microbially derived products almost every day, like LAB to make curd, yeast to make bread, adding flavor and texture to cheese, producing antibiotics etc. The addition of LAB, improves the milk quality by increasing vit. B12. Cheese is one of the oldest food items in which microbes are used. For example, large holes in Swiss cheese are due to CO2 produced by the bacterium Propionibacterium sharmanii. The BOD test measures the rate of uptake of oxygen by microorganisms in a sample of water and thus, indirectly, BOD is a measure of the organic matter present in the water. The greater the BOD of waste water, the more is its polluting potential. In anaerobic sludge digesters, bacteria produce a mixture of gases like methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. These gases form biogas and can be used as a source of energy. Biofertilisers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. The main sources of biofertilisers are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria. You have studied about the nodules on the roots of leguminous plants formed by the symbiotic association of Rhizobium. These bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms, which is used by the plant as a nutrient. Other bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen while free-living in the soil (examples Azospirillum and Azotobacter).
BOD refers to the -

A drop of solution (Volume \(0.05\text{ mL}\)) contains \(3.0 \times 10^{6}\) mole of \(\text{H}^{+}\) ions. If the rate constant of disappearance of \(\text{H}^{+}\) is \(1.0 \times 10^{7}\text{ mol litre}^{-1}\text{ sec}^{-1}\), how long will take \(\text{H}^{+}\) ions to disappear?

The order of a certain reaction with respect to Cl\(^-\) ion is - 1.
The Cl\(^-\) is

Read the passage carefully and answer the question
The speed at which a chemical reaction takes place is called the rate of reaction. The rate of reaction depends on various factors like concentration of the reactants, temperature, etc. The relation between the rate of reaction and the concentration of reacting species is represented by the equation r = k[A]^x[B]^y, where x and y are the order of the reaction with respect to the reactants A and B, respectively. The overall order of the reaction is x + y. The rate of reaction can also be increased by the use of a catalyst which provides an alternate pathway of lower activation energy. It increases the rate of forward and backward reaction to an equal extent. It does not alter the Gibbs energy of the reaction.
Calculate the order of a reaction whose Rate = k[A]^1/2 [B]^3/2.

The identifying features of the embryo of monocotyledons are:
(A). Coleoptile
(B). Root cap enclosed in coleorhiza
(C). Pericarp
(D). One cotyledon
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The area (sq. units) bounded by the curve \(y=\sin x, \pi \leq x \leq 2 \pi\) and the \(x\)-axis is