Identify the correct combination of salient features of the genetic code.
(A) AUG has dual functions as it codes for methionine (met), and also act as initiator codon.
(B) Some amino acids are coded by more than one codon, hence the code is degenerate.
(C) UAA, UAG, UGG are stop terminator codons.
(D) The codon is read in mRNA in a continuous fashion and there are no punctuations.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

DNA recombinant technology involves the use of restriction endonucleases. After having cloned the gene of interest and having optimised the conditions to induce the expression of the target protein, one has to consider producing it on a large scale. The cells harbouring cloned genes of interest may be grown on a small scale in the laboratory. In order to link the alien DNA, the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes. Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. In Biolistics or gene gun method cells are bombarded with high velocity micro particles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA. The ligation of alien DNA is carried out at a restriction site present in one of the two antibiotic resistance genes. For example, you can ligate a foreign DNA at the BamH I site of tetracycline resistance gene in the vector pBR322. Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with other macromolecules such as RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and also lipids. The RNA can be removed by treatment with ribonuclease whereas proteins can be removed by treatment with protease. Other molecules can be removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol.
If any protein encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host, it is called as

What kind of immunity is provided to the infant by colostrum?

Identify the statements relevant to Genetically Modified (GM) crops:
A. They have better pest resistance.
B. They have increased nutritional value.
C. They are more reliant on chemical fertilisers.
D. They have less post harvest losses.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Zoological parks, botanical gardens and wildlife safari parks are examples of:

Single step large mutation is called as:

Which of the following is used as a biological control agent for insects and other arthropods ?

Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects. BOD refers to the amount of the oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one liter of water were oxidised by bacteria. The sewage water is treated till the BOD is reduced. Cheese, is one of the oldest food items in which microbes were used. Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste. For example, the large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are due to production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.
Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:
The number of reacting species (atoms, ions or molecules) taking part in an elementary reaction, which must collide simultaneously in order to bring about a chemical reaction is called molecularity of a reaction. In the rate equation Rate \(=k[\mathrm{~A}]^x[\mathrm{~B}]^y\)
\(x\) and \(y\) indicate how sensitive the rate is to the change in concentration of A and B, respectively. Sum of these exponents, i.e., \(x +y\) gives the overall order of a reaction where \(x\) and \(y\) represent the order with respect to the reactants A and B respectively. Hence, the sum of powers of the concentration of the reactants in the rate law expression is called the order of that chemical reaction. For a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant varies as \([\mathrm{R}]=[\mathrm{R}]_0 e^{-k t}\)
The units of first and zero order rate constant of reactions are respectively:

If \(f: R \rightarrow R\) is defined by \(f(x)=x^2-3 x+2\) then \(f(f(x))\) is :

The force between two electric charges is expressed by the equation : \( F = \frac{kq_1q_2}{r^2} \).
Which of the following is a correct statement ?

Propene on addition with bromine in CCl4 gives

Predict which of the following mixtures will show a positive deviation from Raoult's Law ?