Identify the conditions which prevent autogamy :
(A) Presence of male or female flowers on different plants
(B) Self incompatibility
(C) Unsynchronised pollen release and stigma receptivity
(D) Geitonogamy
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Which of the following biofertilisers are free living in the soil?
(A) Anabaena
(B) Azospirillum
(C) Rhizobium
(D) Azotobacter
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Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects. BOD refers to the amount of the oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one liter of water were oxidised by bacteria. The sewage water is treated till the BOD is reduced. Cheese, is one of the oldest food items in which microbes were used. Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste. For example, the large holes in 'Swiss cheese' are due to production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.
Baculoviruses are -

Which is an example of homology?

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Species diversity on earth is not uniformly distributed. It is generally highest in the tropics and decreases towards the poles. Earth's fossil history reveals the incidences of mass extinctions in the past. Earth's rich biodiversity is vital for the very survival of mankind. It is believed that communities with high diversity tend to be less variable and more productive. The reasons of conserving biodiversity are narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian and ethical. Biodiversity conservation may be in-situ as well as ex-situ.
How many episodes of mass extinction of species have occurred since the origin and diversification of life on earth?

Read the paragraph given below and answer the question.
Insulin used for diabetes was earlier extracted from slaughtered cattle and pigs. Insulin from an animal source, though caused some patients to develop allergy or other type of reactions. Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked bridges. In mammals, including human, insulin is synthesised as a pro-hormone.
Identify the correct statements.
(A) Insulin was earlier extracted from the liver of slaughtered animals.
(B) Eli Lilly, an American company is producing insulin using r-DNA technique.
(C) Some diabetics developed allergy with the animal sourced insulin.
(D) Pro-insulin can control diabetes.
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The process of cutting out of DNA fragments from agarose gel and their extraction from gel piece is known as:

A yellow LED of power 0.2 W emits light uniformly around it. The amplitude of the electric field of light at a distance of 2 m from the LED is:

The coordination number \(( CN )\) and oxidation state \(( OS )\) of Co in \(\left[ Co \left( C _2 O _4\right)_3\right]^{3-}\) is. \(\_\_\_\_\)

Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Repeated amplification is achieved by the use of a thermostable DNA polymerase (isolated from a bacterium, Thermusaquaticus}), which remain active during the high temperature induced denaturation of double stranded DNA. The separated DNA fragments can be visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation. The separated bands of DNA are cut out from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece. The convention for naming these enzymes is the first letter of the name comes from the genus and the second two letters come from the species of the prokaryotic cell from which they were isolated, e.g., EcoRI comes from Escherichiacoli} RY 13. In EcoRI, the letter 'R' is derived from the name of strain. Roman numbers following the names indicate the order in which the enzymes were isolated from that strain of bacteria. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer accomplished this in 1972 by isolating the antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid which was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance. Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA, RNA, protein, polysaccharides etc. The RNA can be removed by treatment with ribonuclease whereas proteins can be removed by treatment with protease. Other molecules can be removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol.

In the isolation process of genetic material, the purified DNA can be precipitated out after the addition of:

The edge of a cube is increasing at a rate of 7 cm/s. The rate of change of area of the cube when its side is 3 cm is:

If \(x, y\) and \(z\) are non zero real numbers, the inverse of matrix \(A=\left[\begin{array}{lll}x & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & y & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & z\end{array}\right]\) is:

Identify the correct combination of salient features of the genetic code.
(A) AUG has dual functions as it codes for methionine (met), and also act as initiator codon.
(B) Some amino acids are coded by more than one codon, hence the code is degenerate.
(C) UAA, UAG, UGG are stop terminator codons.
(D) The codon is read in mRNA in a continuous fashion and there are no punctuations.
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