Hugo de Vries's work on mechanism of evolution states that evolution is

If a population of 100 Amoeba present in a pond increases to 400 in one hour. The growth rate of Amoeba is :

India has a history of religious and cultural traditions to emphasise protection of nature. In related with this such sacred groves are found in _________

Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions
The separated DNA fragments can be visualized only after staining the DNA with ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation. Bright orange colored bands of DNA in ethidium bromide stained gel exposed to UV light can be seen. The separated bands of DNA are cut out from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece. This step is known as elution. The DNA fragments purified in this way are used in constructing recombinant DNA by joining them with a cloning vector.
Which one of the following techniques is used to separate DNA fragments?

Identify the incorrect statement about the human genome -

Match List-l with List-ll

List-l (Organisms)	List-II (Types of interaction)
(A) Barnacles Balanus and Chathamalus in the intertidal area	(I) Mutualism
(B) Orchid growing on a mango branch	(II) Competition
(C) Plants and herbivores	(III) Predation
(D) Mycorrhiza between fungi and roots of higher plants	(IV) Commensalism

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Gel electrophoresis can separate the DNA fragments because :
(A) Agarose gel has sieving effect
(B) DNA fragments are positively charged.
(C) DNA fragments are of different size.
(D) DNA fragments can move in an electric field.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

If \(\vec{a}\) is any vector, then \(|\vec{a} \times \hat{i}|^2+|\vec{a} \times \hat{j}|^2+|\vec{a} \times \hat{k}|^2\) is equal to

If \(x_1, x_2, x_3,\)........,\(x_n\) are \(n\) observations in a sample then which of following is/are TRUE?
(A) The mean \(\bar{x}\) has \(n\) degree of freedom
(B) The mean \(\bar{x}\) has ( \(n-1\) ) degree of freedom
(C) The standard deviation of the sample has ( \(n-1\) ) degree of freedom
(D) The standard deviation of the sample has \(n\) degree of freedom
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels is called as

Answer the question on the basis of passage given below :
Aldehydes and ketones represent two essential classes of organic compounds which are extensively used in the synthesis of a wide variety of other organic molecules.
Due to the inherent polarity of the central carbonyl group, these substances readily undergo nucleophilic addition reactions.Broadly speaking, these addition reactions can be categorized into two types:
one in which simple addition of the nucleophilic reagent occurs across the \(> C = O\) bond, and the second type where the initial addition is subsequently followed by the elimination of a water molecule.
A variety of ammonia derivatives, including hydroxylamine, hydrazine, phenylhydraaine, 2, 4-dinitroplhenylhdrazine, and semicarbazide, all belong to this second category of reactions.
These specific derivatives are fundamentally used for the identification and definitive characterization of aldehydes and ketones. Significantly, both types of nucleophilic addition reactions are strongly influenced by both steric and electronic factors.
As a general rule, aliphatic aldehydes exhibit higher reactivity compared to aromatic aldehydes.
The aliphatic aldehydes demonstrate the ability to reduce both Fehling's solution and Tollen's reagent, whereas aromatic aldehydes are limited to reducing only Tollen's reagent.
In a similar manner to aldehydes, aromatic ketones are observed to be less reactive than aliphatic ketones towards all nucleophilic addition reactions.
In a separate context, phenols and carboxylic acids both exhibit acidic properties in nature.
Both classes of compounds readily dissolve in NaOH solution and cause blue litmus to turn red.
However, carboxylic acids stand out as much stronger acids than phenols and thus can decompose sodium bicarbonate \(\left( NaHCO _3\right)\) with the distinct evolution of \(CO _2\) gas, a reaction which phenols do not undergo.
It is important to note that both electron- donating and electron- withdrawing substituents significantly influence the acid strength of both aliphatic as well as aromatic carboxylic acids.
Furthermore, unlike all other common aliphatic acids, formic acid uniquely possesses reducing properties and simultaneously does not display the typical reactions characteristic of the alkyl group.
Carboxylic acid do not give the characteristic reaction of carbonyl group because:

Potassium tetrahydroxydozincate(II) can be represented by which of the following formula?

The vectors \(\lambda \hat{i}+\hat{j}+2 \hat{k}, \hat{i}+\lambda \hat{j}-\hat{k}\) and \(2 \hat{i}-\hat{j}+\lambda \hat{k}\) are coplanar if :