COMEDK · Chemistry · 27. Aldehydes and Ketones

Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding acetal and ketal formation when Propanal and Propanone are separately reacted with Ethanol in presence of anhydrous \(\mathrm{HCl}\) gas.

A Rate of formation of acetal is greater than that of ketal formation.
B Both Propanal and Propanone undergo Nucleophilic addition reaction during this process.
C Propanal and Ethanol should be taken in the approximate ratio of \(1: 2\) for acetal formation.
D Anhydrous \(\mathrm{HCl}\) gas decreases the electrophilicity of the Carbonyl Carbon.

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Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(D) Anhydrous \(\mathrm{HCl}\) gas decreases the electrophilicity of the Carbonyl Carbon.

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

Propanal is an aldehyde and Propanone is a ketone. Aldehydes are more reactive towards nucleophilic addition than ketones due to both steric and electronic factors. Thus, the rate of acetal formation from propanal is greater than the rate of ketal formation from propanone. Both…

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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