AP EAMCET · Chemistry · General Organic Chemistry

The order of reactivity of phenol (I), nitrobenzene (II) and benzene (III) towards nitration is

A (III) \(>\) (I) \(>\) (II)
B (II) \(>\) (III) \(>\) (I)
C (I) \(>\) (III) \(>\) (II)
D (I) \(>\) (II) \(>\) (III)

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(C) (I) \(>\) (III) \(>\) (II)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

Due to strong \(+R\) effect of \(-\mathrm{OH}\) group, the electron density in phenol (I) is much more than in benzene (III) while due to the strong \(-R\) effect of the \(-\mathrm{NO}_2\) group, the electron density in nitrobenzene (II) is much lower than in benzene. Hence, the…

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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